China's Carbon Fiber
Hiina süsinikkiutööstuse uuringuid saab jälgida 1960. aastatest.
However, until 2000, the industrialization of carbon fiber has not been realized, and due to the long-term development of carbon fiber preparation technology in China, various research units gradually began to have insufficient confidence. RD personnel from all walks of life have avoided the word "carbon fiber". At this time, it is the most difficult trough period for the localization and research and development of carbon fiber materials.
Selle taustal võttis Hiina Teaduste Akadeemia ja Hiina Teaduste Akadeemia strateegiline teadlane ja akadeemik hr Shi Changxu juhtrolli süsinikkiu industrialiseerimise üle 2000. aastal.
At the beginning of 2001, the teacher sent a "request report on accelerating the development of high-performance carbon fiber" to the Party Central Committee. In October 2001, the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China decided to set up a special project on carbon fiber key technologies, code-named 304 special project.
Sellest ajast alates on Hiina ametlikult astunud süsinikkiu sõltumatu uurimis- ja arendustegevuse kiirele teele...
Kuidas saab süsinikkiud välismaal populaarseks?
19. sajandi lõpus leiutasid britt Joseph Swan ja ameeriklane Thomas Edison täiustatud lambipirnide hõõgniidi otsimisel süsinikhõõgniidi. Kuigi see süsinikfilament asendati omal ajal odavamate volframniitidega, peetakse seda karboniseeritud kiudmaterjali praegu kõige varasemaks tärkavaks süsinikkiu tooteks.
Edison
Hilisemas ajaloolises arengus on süsinikfilamenti alati peetud hõõgniidi optimeerimise ebaõnnestumiseks ning sellele ei ole tööstuses ja tootmises tähelepanu pööratud.
Until that magical organization, NASA, appeared on the stage of history, this new type of aerospace material with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength and low density was reconnected to modern civilization and was named "carbon fiber".
Just as diapers, air-cushioned shoes, and dehydrated vegetables have all moved from NASA to the civilian field, carbon fiber, as the "new love" found by NASA in the material industry, is naturally valued by various companies to see if it can be the first. A person who eats crabs is the first to seize the market and make a fortune.
As a result, the United Carbon Compound Company UCC entered the carbon fiber development industry, and in 1959 developed the world's first listed viscose-based carbon fiber material Thornel-25.
Tol ajal, Nõukogude Liidu ja USA vahelise külma sõja ajal, said alguse erinevad võidurelvastumised. Kui sul on lennuk, lähen ma universumisse ja kui sina lähed universumisse, lähen ma Kuule. Suurepärase jõudlusega kosmose- ja sõjanduses materjalina on süsinikkiudu laialdaselt kasutatud ka.
Esimene inimene Kuul: Armstrong
Kuna USA vajab, siis on Jaapanis tehtud.
At that time, Japan, as the largest "trophy" of the United States in World War II, also began active research on carbon fiber.
In fact, UCC's Thornel-25 is actually not perfect. The technological name of carbon fiber was synonymous with banknotes in the 1950s. According to the price of gold at that time, carbon fiber of the same quality was more expensive than gold. The high cost of proper black gold became the biggest pain point of carbon fiber at that time.
1961. aastal leiutas Akio Shinto Osaka tööstuslaborist edukalt polüakrüülnitriil (PAN){1}}põhiste süsinikkiudude valmistamise tehnoloogia.
Shinto Akio
Varem oli NASA viskoos{0}}põhiste kiudude karboniseerimissaagis suhteliselt madal, vaid 20 protsenti. See tähendab, et pärast 100 kg viskoos-põhise kiu karboniseerimist on võimalik saada ainult 20 kg süsinikkiudu.
Viskoosi molekulaarvalemi järgi on süsinikuaatomite osakaal umbes 44 protsenti, kuid karboniseerumisprotsessis reageerivad pooled süsinikuaatomitest hapniku, vesiniku ja lämmastikuga. See toob kaasa ka viskoos{1}}põhise süsinikkiu madalama jõudluse, mis ei ole rahuldav.
Akio Jindo kasutas PAN-i termilise stabiilsuse omaduste saavutamiseks pärast eeloksüdatsiooni, st karboniseerimisprotsessi ajal ei ole PAN-kiudude süsinikuaatomite keemiline aktiivsus kõrge ja süsinikuaatomid võivad olla head hooldatud.
Facts have proved that Kondo Akio's judgment is correct. The carbonization yield of the process route he developed is between 50-60 percent , and the performance is far superior to viscose-based fibers. The conversion rate has risen, and the price has naturally fallen. Since then, PAN has quickly replaced viscose-based carbon fibers. Now the share of viscose-based carbon fibers is less than 10 percent , while PAN-based carbon fibers account for more than 80 percent of the share.
Polüakrüülnitriili eelkäija esmase-käsitsi valmistamise tehnoloogiaga on Toray edukalt olnud süsinikkiudude valmistamisel esirinnas.
Subsequently, in 1971, Japan's Toray Company (Toray, English name 'Toray Industries, Inc) cooperated with United Carbon Compounds of the United States to produce T300 carbon fiber, and achieved mass production of 1 ton/month at that time.
Subsequently, Toray Company continued to upgrade the quality of carbon fiber along the T300, T800, T1000, and pioneered the addition of carbon fiber materials to sporting goods such as rackets, fishing rods, golf clubs, etc., which became a sought-after product in the sporting goods industry. Japan's Toray also rose to fame, becoming the world's largest manufacturer of carbon fiber materials.